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October 1, 2024Choosing between spray foam insulation and fibreglass insulation is a common dilemma for homeowners looking to improve energy efficiency and comfort. Both insulation types have their advantages, but when it comes to effectiveness, they differ in several key areas, including thermal resistance (R-value), air sealing, moisture control, installation process, and longevity.
Thermal Resistance (R-Value)
The R-value measures insulation’s resistance to heat flow; the higher the R-value, the better the material insulates.
- Spray Foam: Spray foam insulation generally has a higher R-value per inch than fibreglass. Closed-cell spray foam has an R-value of approximately 6.5-7 per inch, while open-cell spray foam offers around 3.5-4 per inch.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass insulation typically has an R-value of around 2.2-2.7 per inch for batts or blankets. Though fibreglass is effective, it provides less thermal resistance compared to spray foam.
Air Sealing
One of the major advantages of spray foam insulation is its ability to seal air leaks.
- Spray Foam: Because it expands upon application, spray foam insulation fills gaps and crevices, effectively creating an airtight seal. This prevents drafts, reduces heat loss, and improves overall energy efficiency.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass batts, while insulating, do not inherently seal air leaks. Air can still flow through gaps and spaces around the insulation, reducing its overall effectiveness.
Moisture Control
Moisture resistance is critical to preventing mold growth and protecting your home’s structure.
- Spray Foam: Closed-cell spray foam is impermeable to water, making it an excellent choice for moisture-prone areas like basements or crawlspaces. It acts as a vapor barrier, helping to prevent moisture buildup.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass insulation does not block moisture and can absorb it if exposed to water. This can lead to mold growth and degrade the insulation’s effectiveness over time.
Longevity and Durability
The lifespan and durability of insulation are important factors in long-term performance.
- Spray Foam: Spray foam insulation tends to be more durable and has a longer lifespan than fibreglass. Once cured, it remains in place without sagging or settling. Closed-cell foam is also more resistant to wear and tear.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass can settle or compress over time, especially if exposed to moisture or poor installation. This reduces its insulating ability, making it less effective over the years.
Installation
The installation process can impact both the cost and effectiveness of insulation.
- Spray Foam: Spray foam must be installed by professionals using specialized equipment. The installation process can be more expensive and requires protective measures due to the chemicals involved. However, it delivers immediate insulation and air sealing benefits once applied.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass insulation is easier to install, and homeowners can often do it themselves for smaller projects. However, improper installation (e.g., leaving gaps or compressing the batts) can reduce its effectiveness.
Cost
Cost is a major factor for most homeowners when choosing between insulation types.
- Spray Foam: Spray foam insulation is more expensive upfront, often costing 2-3 times more than fibreglass insulation. However, its superior performance can lead to energy savings that may offset the higher initial investment over time.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass is more cost-effective upfront and is a popular choice for homeowners on a budget. It remains an affordable solution for insulating large areas like attics and walls.
Conclusion
When comparing spray foam insulation to fibreglass, spray foam generally offers superior performance in terms of R-value, air sealing, moisture control, and longevity. However, fibreglass remains a cost-effective option for those looking to insulate their homes on a budget.
For homeowners prioritizing long-term energy savings and better overall insulation performance, spray foam is the more effective choice. On the other hand, if upfront costs and ease of installation are more important, fibreglass remains a solid, reliable option.
Ultimately, the best insulation for your home depends on your specific needs, budget, and local climate.